Iraqi Political Instability in the 21st Century (2003-2011)

To describe the new landscape of Party authority in China, a new term is required beyond economic descriptivism: that concept is the sinthome. Despite reference to China’s slowdown – a growth rate below 5%, deflationary pressures, collapsing development, and record youth unemployment – the system has withstood fragmentation. The reason is structural: the CCP operates as China’s sinthome, the stabilising knot that allows incompatible logics such as capitalist markets, socialis

The post-1945 development order, anchored by the Bretton Woods institutions and the UN system, was designed for global stability and reconstruction. Over time, however, rising Global South voices and geopolitical shifts strained that order. In the 1970s, newly independent states (through the Non-Aligned Movement and G77) pressed for a New International Economic Order (NIEO), demanding reforms of trade, finance, and even the Bretton Woods rules to better serve developing count

Social Media has changed; the medium has fundamentally evolved since its inception as a pastime to share experiences into some people’s entire livelihood. Alongside this evolution their networks have only increased in size every year, and have become a major outlet in the spreading of information. According to Pew Research, 38% of U.S. adults say they regularly get news on Facebook, and 35% say the same about YouTube.

On January 1st 2026 we will celebrate the 33rd anniversary of establishing the European Single Market. Although we have built one of the most integrated markets in the world, alcohol policy remains a patchwork of national regulations. The European framework for action on alcohol, (2022–2025) which paves the way towards implementation of the global Action Plan (2022–2030), addressed the difficulties of a fragmented response as a main issue with effective implementing of the p

As of October 2025, President Trump’s disapproval rates have increased to 58%. What can be made of this sudden change in polls in relation to the Trump administration? What are the global implications of people beginning to disagree with President Trump? While domestic factors are likely fueling this dissatisfaction with the Trump administration, this shift in sentiment also carries significant international implications.

Justice in Bangladesh is on trial alongside Sheikh Hasina. The exiled prime minister’s death sentence has transformed a domestic accountability process into a test of democratic legitimacy and political retribution in the wake of persistent tensions in South Asia. The verdict does more than assign individual culpability to Hasina, it reconstructs the balance of power between the interim government and the weakened but resilient support for the Awami League.

Since 1978, the Chinese economy has maintained an impressive near-double-digit growth rate, averaging 9.5% annually until 2019. After surpassing the United States in PPP terms in 2014, many analysts expected the same to occur in nominal terms by 2030. However, this prospect now seems increasingly unlikely. At current market exchange rates, China's economy has decreased from 75% of U.S. GDP in 2021 to roughly 64% today, a change attributed to a stronger dollar, a rapid post-pa

In ogni epoca, la comunità internazionale è stata sempre attraversata da un processo dinamico di confronto in cui potenze tradizionali, che intendono conservare lo status quo, si scontrano con potenze in ascesa e revisioniste, che mirano invece a dare origine a un nuovo sistema internazionale in grado di garantire loro uno status accresciuto. È proprio da questa dialettica che sorgono molte delle tensioni che agitano le relazioni tra gli Stati, dal momento che gli interessi d