As the neoliberal hegemony asserts itself as the dominant economic system of the modern West, a progressive branch of the electorate identifies the Nordic Social Democracies as the ideal alternative. Idealized as isolated utopian societies, in which welfare systems reflect those predating the Washington Consensus and the current state of oscillation between austerity and populist short-term public spending, there is more to these systems than what meets the eye.

There is a strong undercurrent in the ocean of African politics. As the West’s political interference and exploitation of African resources enter public knowledge, an ideology has seemingly risen from the ashes: Pan-Africanism. Through controversial political figures and alliances between Ibrahim Traore and the AES, the growth of Pan-Africanism has strong implications for intercontinental relations. Could this be the future of African politics?